Developing technology that enables stable and accessible quantum information is crucial for the advancement of quantum computers. A recent study published in Nature introduces a breakthrough in quantum transistor scaling, paving the way for millions of qubits on a chip. This achievement, made possible by cryogenic control electronics operating close to absolute zero, marks a significant step towards practical quantum computation.
Professor David Reilly, the lead researcher from the University of Sydney Nano Institute, emphasizes the transition from quantum computers as experimental devices to solving real-world problems. The collaboration between the University of Sydney and the University of New South Wales, facilitated by spin-out companies Emergence Quantum and Diraq, underscores the industry’s commitment to commercialize quantum technologies.
The research team developed a silicon chip capable of controlling spin qubits at milli-kelvin temperatures, just above absolute zero. Spin qubits, encoding information on single electrons’ magnetic direction, show promise for scalability due to their foundation in CMOS technology, the basis of modern computing.
While maintaining spin qubits below 1 kelvin is essential for information preservation, the challenge lies in intricate control and measurement using integrated electronics. Professor Reilly’s team demonstrated that careful design can prevent heat and electrical interference, crucial for scaling up spin qubits to millions for practical quantum computing.
Lead author Dr. Sam Bartee, who conducted experiments at the University of Sydney, highlights the significance of this technological advancement in quantum computing research. The successful integration of complex electronics at cryogenic temperatures with fragile qubits validates the potential for scalable quantum control platforms.
Diraq, a spin-out of UNSW led by Professor Andrew Dzurak, provided the qubits for the research, showcasing a collaborative effort in advancing quantum technology. The development of the control chip by Dr. Kushal Das, affiliated with both the University of Sydney and Emergence Quantum, demonstrates the meticulous design required for low-noise cryogenic electronics.
Professor Reilly envisions broader applications for cryogenic electronics beyond qubit scaling, emphasizing its potential in diverse fields, from sensing systems to future data centers. The integration of silicon qubits with classical control electronics by Diraq aligns with their goal of creating energy-efficient quantum computers.
The study’s findings on the cryo-CMOS chiplet’s performance characteristics, including negligible fidelity loss and coherence time reduction, indicate a promising future for scalable quantum systems. With minimal power consumption and high efficiency, the system sets a precedent for millions of qubits without a significant increase in energy usage.
Supported by Microsoft Corporation and the Australian Research Council, this research showcases the global collaboration driving quantum technology forward. The equity interests declared by key researchers underscore the commercial potential of these advancements, highlighting the importance of industry-academia partnerships in shaping the future of quantum computing.
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